Music and the Positive Effects on the Human Brain Professor Ramos Blog

Music and the Positive Effects on the Human Brain writer Music is a tremendous piece of human culture, over a significant time span. It has the ability to initiate all aspects of the mind. Music can likewise influence our vibration, and our conduct yet above all, our mind. Proficient artists have more grounded correspondence between cerebrum sides of the equator, predominant working memory and are better in subjects like perusing and math. Individuals will in general tune in to music while they are planning something for take a break. What they dont know is that their cerebrum is as yet remembering words and sentences simultaneously as their brain is tuning in to music. There is significance in music and it tends to be use to impart things and actuate individuals to act a certain  way. As creator I. Clifford Rose writes in Neurology of Music: â€Å"Music, as opposed to just being a complex sonic example delivered and got for stylish or decadent end, can more readily be deciphered as an open medium.† Meaning that music isn't simply solid it is a type of correspondence that is utilized all through the world from various perspectives. Constructive outcomes: In ongoing logical examinations, it has been indicated that music can adjust the mind structure. An investigation of the college of cornwall has demonstrated that tuning in to overwhelming metal music incites individuals to be less agreeable and brings down their readiness to get things done for the benefit of everyone. Notwithstanding in the event that they are acquainted with energetic music it can welcome a beneficial outcome on ones cooperation capacity. â€Å"With tuning in to perky music, it causes them block out the static in ones voice so you can comprehend them better.† states Kraus in the article, Get Engaged by Julie Deardorff. Individuals who like a similar music can most occasions share similitudes in likings. It expresses that our cerebrums won't quit creating till our late twenties mid thirties. Our psyches are continually being changed everyday from the music that we tune in to. Individuals who tune in to substantial metal will in general be more quiet where as the individuals who tune in to something like hip bounce it makes a difference. Hip jump clarifies the people life so the vast majority can identify with hip bounce more than overwhelming metal. Most substantial metal melodies dont truly bode well since they shout a ton. In hip bounce you by and large comprehend what they are stating on the grounds that it is all the more clear and most rappers rap about their life and how they grew up and what they experienced. The more individuals will in general associate with each other the more they will cooperate against or on something. A people mind is a lot more proficient than what the vast majority accept it as with regards to performing various tasks. They can be chipping away at cleaning the house and the vast majority of the time they would imagine that they completed it quick on the grounds that their brain is centered around the music as opposed to the job needing to be done. While it simple to perform various tasks it is likewise simple to get diverted on the off chance that they start to truly like the music that they are tuning in to they will spend endless hours on finding another melody with a similar cheery tone. It is both a blessing and a revile which is said in the article ‘The Need To Minimize Distractions’ by Michigan State University. While it is uncommon that you can do various things that require thinking you discover your psyche hopping starting with one thing then onto the next as opposed to doing them both simultaneously. The individuals who can the two things without believing are viewed as talented. 1.Music learns new things: Music in an alternate language will in general train individuals long after the timeframe where there mind has quit creating. Melodies in an alternate language assist you with learning another dialect in the event that you like the tune you will need to recognize what it means and afterward find it and sing it. 2.Music assists babies with becoming sound: Music can likewise make a beneficial outcome in kid improvement, the astounding impact a tune has on the brain begins even before birth. Late examinations have demonstrated that kids presented to traditional music in the belly show a positive change in physical and mental improvement after birth. Organizations despite everything keep on advertising traditional music to guardians of youngsters so they can listen their approach to more noteworthy insight. (Subside Van Eerden 2017) 3. Playing an Instrument Makes you more intelligent: The mind is by all accounts a wipe for music and, similar to a wipe in water, is changed by it. The brain’s left and right sides of the equator are associated by a major trunk line called the corpus callosum. At the point when they analyzed the corpus callosum in 30 non performers with the corpus callosum in 30 expert string and piano players, scientists drove by Dr. Gottfried Schlaug of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston discovered striking contrasts. The forward portion of this thick link of neurons is bigger in artists, particularly on the off chance that they started their preparation before the age of 7. (Begley,Sharon 2000) The capacity of music to trigger recollections of ones own background is, for some individuals, an ordinary event. This article utilizes material from a top to bottom subjective investigation of grown-ups memory accounts, which uncovers the potential for music to embody recollections and related effect on a scale that stretches out from particular minutes to accumulations of recollections arranged inside unmistakable worldly limits. (Istvandity, Lauren 2014 Works refered to Begley Sharon: Music on the brain. Newsweek, July 24 2000 Julie Deardoff: Get Engaged: Involving understudies show more prominent gains in discourse preparing, perusing, December 16 2014https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2014/12/how-music-class-can-start mental health/ Istvandity, Lauren: The lifetime soundtrack Popular Music History August, 2014 Volume 9 Issue 2 Diminish Van Eerden Will Listening to Music While Pregnant Make Your Baby Smarter? August 28 2017https://news.sanfordhealth.org/childrens/will-tuning in to-music-make-your-infant more brilliant/

American Home Products Corporation Essay Example for Free

American Home Products Corporation Essay American Home Product Corporation (AHP), an exceptionally developing American organization, has four business lines: physician endorsed drugs, bundled drugs, food items, house products and family unit items. Its arrangements include: - A tight money related control and kept up a forceful capital structure approach. Bring in cash for its investors and to amplify benefits by limiting expense. It has had the option to fund inside its development while paying an extremely high part of its acquiring to its investors (60%). Presently, AHP appears to have no business chance yet may confront a specific hazard over the long haul. In light of the proportions appeared on the joined sheet, AHP ought not stress over business hazard since its working capital is sound ($1472.8 million) and money abundance $233 million. The high ROA, high net revenue, low current-to-resource proportion and 49.71 assortment days show that AHP can create money rapidly, in this way it can keep up current high development rate. In any case, it’s diminishing yearly deals development from 14.1% in 1978 to 8.8% in 1981 (display 1) shows that it faces future danger of losing pieces of the overall industry in the entirety of its business lines on the off chance that it doesn't predict rivalry and keeps on concentrating on expanding stockholders’ esteem. AHP’s current money related execution is generally excellent since it has high ROE (30.3), high speedy proportion (42.68), low obligation to-value proportion (0.09) and low obligation to-resource proportion (0.01). Nonetheless, an investigation of various obligation proportions shows that if AHP builds obligation proportion, it will confront a monetary danger of expanded obligation to-value and obligation to-resource proportions. At the end of the day, it will confront dissolvability issues in long terms. AHP additionally face liquidity issues since the snappy proportions decline when the obligation proportions increment. 2 The proposed instrument follows a double component of utilizing:- (an) Increase the Debt Equity Ratio. (b) Buy back the offers. This likewise brings about the accompanying:- (I) Improves EPS as the sum gets shared by lesser number of offers. (ii)Improves Price/income proportion (iii) The abundance capital gets used. (iv)Sends a +ve sign to the market and offer costs liable to increment. (v) Improves Return on Equity proportion. The computations encased demonstrate that the best choice as per the organization expressed strategy is have Debt-Equity Ratio of 70%. Shareholders’ esteem increments when obligation proportions increment. EPS increments from $3.18 to $3.49. The profit payout proportion likewise increments from 0.597 to 0.602. So also, the profit yield from 0.063 to 0.070. It implies that the organization can increment shareholders’ esteem by expanding obligation proportions. Anyway the accompanying should be thought of:- (I) The esteemed total assets of the firm which diminishes may not pass on the right picture to the speculator and in this way nullifying the positive signs of repurchase of offers. (ii) The firm has no technique identified with RD in new items and spotlights on me-too items therefore comprising a huge business chance. (iii) The firm would lessen the money to obligation proportion significantly presenting itself to monetary hazard. The nearest contender has Debt †Equity Ratio of 30% which whenever taken as a benchmark gives a preservationist strategy for choosing the proposed utilizing, anyway this doesn't augment the investor esteem, yet is in accordance with the solid conservatism reasoning of the firm. It additionally gives a superior Return on Assets proportion and has a more secure Debt to Cash proportion. Despite the fact that AHP has an awesome current money related execution, it should change the monetary approach to expand obligation proportion at a specific level. To meet the objective of expanding shareholders’ esteem, AHP ought not utilize its abundance income to repurchase its stocks since this is just a transitory arrangement and may create genuine monetary issues over the long haul. Rather, AHP should utilize this abundance money to put resources into gainful activities to improve its present items and dispatch new items that satisfy current market needs. Thusly, AHP can limit the business chance, set itself up for rivalry and increment deals development. On different hands, AHP should expand obligation proportion to a specific level that is reasonable for itsâ business to increment shareholders’ esteem. Likewise it should keep on practicing tight fiscal arrangements as prior to take care of the obligation in a restrained way This arrangement doesn't carry money related hazard to AHP yet empower it to limit business chance. In the event that AHP stays just worried about how to increment shareholders’ esteem and disregards showcase dangers, it may lose its business to its rivals.

If youre missing NYC during Winter Break Favorite Places to Study outside of Columbia University COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

If youre missing NYC during Winter Break Favorite Places to Study outside of Columbia University COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Although Lehman Library is the default, and perhaps easiest, place to study for SIPA students, there are plenty of other spaces to explore throughout the City. Sometimes it’s great to get out of Morningside Heights and make the trip to other neighborhoods. Below is a list of some of my favorite places to study off campus.   Rose Main Reading Room    The Rose Main Reading Room is located in The New York Public Library in midtown Manhattan, and the trip is well worth it! Generally speaking, the NYPL is a must see for anyone visiting New York for the first time. However, one of the best things about the library is the Rose Main Reading Room, after years of renovations, it has finally been reopened to the public. High ceilings and plenty of light make it the ideal place to study for midterms and finals (plus you feel like you’re at Hogwarts â€" an added bonus!). The library is divided into two sections: an area where tourists can walk around and take photos, and an area designated for quiet studying. Coffee Shops in the West Village    The West Village is easily accessible via the 1 train from Columbia University and in addition to it being a great area to explore, there are a lot of coffee shops where you can sit and do some work. A few personal favorites include Rebel Coffee on 8th Avenue and Stumptown Coffee Roasters on 8th Street.  Both of these locations have plenty of seating and are great to catch up on notes. However, they tend to get very crowded in the midafternoon on weekends, so getting there early is essential. The New York Society Library    The New York Society library is one of New York City’s oldest cultural landmarks, and though only members are able to check out books and have full access to the building, the first-floor reading room is open to the public. This is a great, quiet place to study, though it’s located on the east side, the cross town bus makes it easily accessible from Columbia University. Sheep Meadow    Sheep Meadow Is located on the west side of Central Park, from 66th to 69th Street, it is a great place to study during the warmer months. During the summer, residents flock to Sheep Meadow to sunbathe, have picnics, and enjoy the New York City skyline. The area is open from April to Mid-October and is a great place to catch up on reading and do some studying. Don’t forget to bring a blanket! Feel free to share your own favorite locations below!

Nikola Tesla Giant Of Electricity - 1510 Words

Do you love to learn about amazing things? Do you love to suck every little tid-bit of knowledge that you can acquire? Maybe it is just the little things in life, like learning a new fact to tell your friends to baffle their minds senseless or learning how to tie your shoes a new way! Well if so, than this is the book for you. This book is full of unkempt potential that can expand an imagination beyond its wildest dreams. Nikola Tesla Giant of Electricity is a book about an inventor, mathematician, engineer, physicist, and most importantly a discoverer! This book tells about the hardships of the great Nikola Tesla’s life and his happiness and struggles as he works to introduce his amazing inventions to the public’s life. I really enjoyed the book, Nikola Tesla Giant of Electricity, because it tells the story of a great discoverer and intelligent man that overcame many hardships, and whose inventions changed the world we live in today. The Biography Nikola Tesla Giant of Electricity was wrote by the amazingly talented author Helen B. Walters and was illustrated by an equally talented man Leonard Everett Fisher. Helen was able to give a very detailed account of Nikola’s life, so detailed in fact the book makes the reader feel like they are right in the room with Tesla, experiencing his ah-ha moments of experimentation, his sadness, and his happiness that he helped make the world’s technology better. At the beginning of every chapter the illustrator, Leonard manages toShow MoreRelatedHow Nikola Tesla Impacted the World Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesHow Nikola Tesla impacted the world Have you ever relaxed on the beach while sitting back and listening to the radio? If you have, then you were using a device created by the renowned scientist Nikola Tesla. 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What Makes Marriage Last - Older Adults in Long-Term...

What Makes Marriages Last: Older Adults and Long-Term Marriages Studies about successful long-term marriages are important in assisting social and mental health professionals, theorists and researchers provide accurate data in order to develop successful counseling and instruction towards successful matrimonial unions. Couples who express satisfaction in their long-term marriage relationships are often found to have been successful in five particular areas of communication and support, including commitment to each other, deeply caring and great compassion for each other, focus on each other and shared values and goals, physical intimacy, and reliance upon each other (Connidis, 2010, p. 53). While marriages and the success or†¦show more content†¦Couples who are grounded in their strong sense of commitment and support for each other will also be more refined at defining and negotiating their mutual values and goals together. The result of choosing to focus on the positive and forgetting the negative is prime evidence of the older adult’s quest for meaningful goals and value in the later part of life. Intimacy and Reliance on Each Other Intimacy in marriage is important in its effect on the psychological and emotional closeness of the individuals in the relationship and the health of the relationship itself. The intimacy that develops in a marriage is one that is built over time as couples develop trust between each other. Intimacy does not necessarily always include the physical part of being close to each other and sharing in a sexual context. It encompasses sharing on a deep level in openness, trust, and pure relationship. Marriage itself does not define a pure relationship, but pure relationship can be defined within the bounds of traditional marriage. 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Ap Language College Board Essay Prompt Samples Fundamentals Explained

Ap Language College Board Essay Prompt Samples Fundamentals Explained Even in case the outcome of the tests might be accurate, when moving up through the academic schools the one thing important to students will be learning the questions that will be on the test, which is quite counter productive to the true goal of gaining knowledge and techniques in school. Last, the course examines computer science from a really wide perspective. The significance of writing skills is something which has risen to the forefront in the modern workforce. If that's the case, my students are in for a huge trouble. There's no neutral, objective means of reading a literary text. All entries have to be submitted by publishers wishing to have the work of their authors which were published in the calendar year 2015 considered. Naturally, it is necessary to perform both tasks from section Writing, but it does not signify that you have to begin writing immediately. Quite a huge collection of topics it is possible to find here. The Foolproof Ap Language College Board Essay Prompt Samples Strategy In the written portion of the IELTS exam, you'll need to display your vocabulary's rich. Hope you enjoyed these5 strategies to prepare for the SAT. Ideally, a student ought to take the PSATs and a diagnostic ACT to realize how they perform on each test till they register to have a test. Keep on reading on for 5 methods to get ready for the SAT. There's no particular limit on the quantity of words have to be written in the essay Writing Part, but it isn't necessary to to write more than 350 words because examiners usually devote exactly the same limit of time on every test work. Often applicants find an effortless method to relate and compose an essay that might have been written by anyone. Obviously you are really writing to your professor, but who do they need to get perceived as for the use of the assignment. After the student finds the right info, they are going to be abl e to use the academic language and answer the question in a comprehensive sentence. Just take a complete diagnostic test before you get started studying for the true exam. In case you have any further questions, don't hesitate to get in touch with us for a completely free consultation. Even though the College Board officially states that testing has to be within 5 decades of the application, they're more likely to approve more recent testing. Cramming for a test isn't recommended. The Key to Successful Ap Language College Board Essay Prompt Samples Despite your best efforts, you will likely have more questions down the road, and it will be helpful to have an immediate line of communication that you could access for fast responses. After all, there's no one approach to really express your personality. There truly is not any 1 approach to do anything. If you're searching for answers, then you don't wish to be a nuisance. It's essential to note that not all Coalition school s need an essay. So if you're strong in the sciences then the ACT offers you a small benefit. Substandard writing skills may have a lasting influence on students' career prospects. It's desirable to discover a native-speaker teacher specializing in IELTS. A thriving AP teacher will have the urge to seek out professional development activities associated with the hottest instructional strategies and student achievement. An English Language Arts teacher might supply a sentence whilst teaching persuasive methods. The Bizarre Secret of Ap Language College Board Essay Prompt Samples Two finalist will likewise be awarded $500 each. Things were awkward between us for the rest of the conference. The College Board provides an excellent deal more information, a few of which is beneficial for self-evaluation. An established platform for the last 40 decades, the Common App is among the Coalition's major competitors. Writing a great TOEFL waiver or some other waiver letter is definitely something which is hard to do all on your own. Often, you are going to see a sort of SAT mat h question that provides you a strange shape-combination with almost no additional info. You need to be able to do the work that's required of the particular major and possess the vital funds to cover it. Including a superb cover letter with your college admissions essay is often as valuable as the true essay. If you're just entering the high school years, now's the opportunity to think about all your choices. The key issue is to take advantage of all of the diverse classes your college has to offer you. Even though it might take a single student 30 minutes to have a test, it may take a student with dyslexia two hours. For global students, you're want to be sure that you're calling the admissions office in a time when they're actually open for business. Nonetheless, do not mean it is a decision. If you finish your application with incomplete or inaccurate info, then your entire application could be discarded or put on hold based on the harshness of your error. Finding a g rade from an outside source is an excellent method of providing validity to the grades. Your best choice is to get online, as you find it possible to read reviews first. Facts, Fiction and Ap Language College Board Essay Prompt Samples If this is the case, you might be nervous. Understanding how to argue effectively is a valuable skill, even if you aren't at a family reunion or going to obtain a speeding ticket. You may enter your answers on the internet to establish your score.

Filipino People and Alfredo Salazar free essay sample

Bienvenido Santos (In which I display my mediocrity. The author, Mr. Santos, was asked to speak before an audience in Kalamazoo, MI one October when the war was still on. On the same night he met another Filipino – Celestino Fabia, a farmer. Mr. Santos was surprised to see a man who travelled really long just to hear him talk. In the course of the discussion, the man asked, in sporadically incorrect English, how the Filipino women of today were different from the stereotype he was familiar with. Mr. Santos replied that although they differ in the exterior, both women of different eras bear the heart and soul of a modest Filipina. Mr. Fabia was pleased. After the lecture, Mr. Fabia told Mr. Santos about his farm and his family and invited him over to his house, repeatedly saying that his wife, Ruth, will be pleased to meet â€Å"a first class Filipino†. We will write a custom essay sample on Filipino People and Alfredo Salazar or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He also told him about his son, Roger, with pride. Mr. Fabia picked Mr. Santos up the next day and during the course of what seemed to be an endless journey to the distant farm, Mr. Santos became aware of Mr. Fabia’s life in the Philippines. He was a spoiled brat and the black sheep of the family. He lived in an old Visayan town where there are no apples. But there are coconut trees and roosters cooing early in the morning, and there was his family. They finally arrived in the farm, the fragrance of apples diffusing all over the place. Mr. Santos noticed how Ruth’s hospitality and kind-heartedness was almost Filipino and how adorable Roger really was. In their humble home, he also found a picture of an anonymous Filipina wearing a traditional costume – another manifestation of how dire Mr. Fabia’s nostalgia is. He bade farewell to the family and Mr. Fabia took him back to the hotel. He offered to send news to his family when he got back to the Philippines but Mr. Fabia refused, saying that they might have already forgotten him. They shook each other’s hand and said goodbye. - The scent of apples in the story  The Scent of Apples  refers to the low paying ype of jobs that Filipinos had to take when they came to America. Picking fruit was one type of job; therefore, the literal scent of apples indicates the profession of the worker who spends all his time in the orchard picking apples Alfredo Salazar son of Don Julian, a more than 30 years old man and a bachelor. He is engaged to Esperanza but him still fleeting to Julia Salas Esperanza wife of Alfredo Salazar. She is a homely woman, literal minded and int ensely acquisitive. She is one of those fortunate women who have the gift of uniformly beauty Julia Salas sister-in-law of Judge Del Valle. She is the other girl of Alfredo Salazar that remains single in her entire life Don Julian an old man, a father of Alfredo Salazar and Carmen. lt;/pgt;lt;pgt;\ Carmen sister of Alfredo Salas Judge Del Valle brother-in-law of Julia Salas Donna Adella sister of Julia Salas. She is small and plump, a pretty woman with a complexion of a baby with a expression of a likeable cow Calixta note-carrier of Alfredo Salazar and Esperanza Dionisio husband of Donna Adella. Vicente husband of Carmen Brigida Samuy She is the illusive woman whose Alfredo is looking for. Paz Marquez-Benitez, in her masterpiece Dead Stars, did not only write about a love story. Most importantly, her writing reflects the time in which the literary work was written along with the language, the norms and the way people think. It serves as a literary time machine for readers as it enables them to understand how courtship, marriage and fidelity were viewed through the early 1900 standards. It renders a sound comparison between the past and the present, the existing modern culture and the fading, almost obsolete tradition. Although the comparison and contrast provides a good critical foundation, another highly significant aspect of this short story involves the main character, Alfredo Salazar, which, always applies to whatever era, hence the focus of this paper. His confusion, weakness and unreasonableness are innate flaws of humans. Perhaps one of the many reasons why this work is timeless is that readers never fail to see a part of them in Alfredo Salazar’s character, making the

Aids Essays (2319 words) - Lentiviruses, HIVAIDS, Animal Virology

Aids US Monster In an extensive article in the Summer-Autumn 1990 issue of "Top Secret", Prof J. Segal and Dr. L. Segal outline their theory that AIDS is a man-made disease, originating at Pentagon bacteriological warfare labs at Fort Detrick, Maryland. "Top Secret" is the international edition of the German magazine Geheim and is considered by many to be a sister publication to the American Covert Action Information Bulletin (CAIB). In fact, Top Secret carries the Naming Names column, which CAIB is prevented from doing by the American government, and which names CIA agents in different locations in the world. The article, named "AIDS: US-Made Monster" and subtitled "AIDS - its Nature and its Origins," is lengthy, has a lot of professional terminology and is dotted with footnotes. AIDS FACTS "The fatal weakening of the immune system which has given AIDS its name (Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome)," write the Segals, "has been traced back to a destruction or a functional failure of the T4-lymphocytes, also called'helper cells`, which play a regulatory role in the production of antibodies in the immune system." In the course of the illness, the number of functional T4- cells is reduced greatly so that new anti-bodies cannot be produced and the defenceless patient remains exposed to a range of infections that under other circumstances would have been harmless. Most AIDS patients die from opportunistic infections rather than from the AIDS virus itself. The initial infection is characterized by diarrhea, erysipelas and intermittent fever. An apparent recovery follows after 2-3 weeks, and in many cases the patient remains without symptoms and functions normally for years. Occasionally a swelling of the lymph glands, which does not affect the patient's well-being, can be observed. After several years, the pre-AIDS stage, known as ARC (Aids- Related Complex) sets in. This stage includes disorders in the digestive tract, kidneys and lungs. In most cases it develops into full-blown AIDS in about a year, at which point opportunistic illnesses occur. Parallel to this syndrome, disorders in various organ systems occur, the most severe in the brain, the symptoms of which range from motoric disorders to severe dementia and death. This set of symptoms, say the Segals, is identical in every detail with the Visna sickness which occurs in sheep, mainly in Iceland. (Visna means tiredness in Icelandic). However, the visna virus is not pathogenic for human beings. The Segals note that despite the fact that AIDS is transmitted only through sexual intercourse, blood transfusions and non- sterile hypodermic needles, the infection has spread dramatically. During the first few years after its discovery, the number of AIDS patients doubled every six months, and is still doubling every 12 months now though numerous measures have been taken against it. Based on these figures, it is estimated that in the US, which had 120,000 cases of AIDS at the end of 1988, 900,000 people will have AIDS or will have died of it by the end of 1991. It is also estimated that the number of people infected is at least ten times the number of those suffering from an acute case of AIDS. That in the year 1995 there will be between 10-14 million cases of AIDS and an additional 100 million people infected, 80 percent of them in the US, while a possible vaccination will not be available before 1995 by the most optimistic estimates. Even when such vaccination becomes available, it will not help those already infected. These and following figures have been reached at by several different mainstream sources, such as the US Surgeon General and the Chief of the medical services of the US Army. "AIDS does not merely bring certain dangers with it; it is clearly a programmed catastrophe for the human race, whose magnitude is comparable only with that of a nuclear war", say the Segals. " They later explain what they mean by "programmed," showing that the virus was produced by humans, namely Dr. Robert Gallo of the Bethesda Cancer Research Center in Maryland. When proceeding to prove their claims, the Segals are careful to note that: "We have given preference to the investigative results of highly renowned laboratories, whose objective contents cannot be doubted. We must emphasize, in this connection, that we do not know of any findings that have been published in professional journals that contradict our hypotheses." DISCOVERING AIDS The first KNOWN cases of AIDS occurred in New York in 1979. The first DESCRIBED cases were in California in 1979. The virus was isolated in Paris in May 1983, taken from a French homosexual who had returned home

Terrorist essays

Terrorist essays Terrorism by nature is difficult to define. Acts of terrorism conjure emotional responses in the victims as well as in the practitioners. No two writers agree on what is terrorism. Even the U.S. government cannot agree on one single definition. The old adage, "One man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter" is still alive and well today ("Terrorism Research Center: Definitions" 1). Although many people believe that terrorism is evil, it is merely misunderstood because there is no set definition. Terrorist are responsible to most of the freedom movements in every country. Terrorist have used violence to get their point across to the public. These acts are often necessary for the success of the movement or cause. The use of this violence can be justified in several ways. You can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs has been used by terrorist to describe their actions. Terrorism has been used by governments and against them. It has been used as part of a campaign by guerrillas who have widespread support and by small groups. Terrorism has been used in societies where grievances can be expressed freely and where free speech is suppressed. In a well organized guerrilla campaign, for example, the main goal might be to destroy the governments military forces. The violence is limited to acts which will achieve that objective. This might be destroying a factory which is making arms, or putting out of action part of the government army, or bombing an airfield so that it cannot be used by government aircraft. In some cases, the use of terroris m appears to be a reaction to the disintegration of law and order. A stable society has normally evolved peaceful ways of keeping order and handling disputes between its members without violence. Once law and order breaks down, as they do in civil wars, members of society have to defend themselves in different ways. There may be in a situation where government forces ...

Case Study on the Elements of Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study on the Elements of Crime - Essay Example During its 15 existence WorldCom acquired many companies and reached to a commanding position where only a few companies had reached can stand up to the situation. The fast growth in WorldCom was due to the efforts of former WorldCom chief executive officer (CEO) Mr. Bernard Ebbers. Because of his innovative ideas and contributions WorldCom reached to a commanding position. The companies it acquired were UUNET, MCI and CompuServe. WorldCom expanded its business to more than 65 countries very rapidly; due to boom in Internet in 1990's little thought was given to the fundamentals of the company. When Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) sought an explanation from WorldCom in March 2002, slowly the scandal came to light. When credit rating agencies like Standard & Poor's, Moody's and Fitch downgrade WorldCom rating to a new low the company announced immediate job cuttings around the world. The CEO of the company Ebbers resigned after when SEC revealed that WorldCom had lent about $340 million to him as loans that he used to buy his own shares. The credit rating agency Standard & Poor's downgraded WorldCom credit rating to below investment grade that brought down company's status to a junk status. The result was its removal from S&P index and Nasdaq halted the company's trading of stocks of WorldCom Group and MCI Group.

Strategic Brand Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Brand Communication - Essay Example Building brand equity requires communication effectiveness. If the brand equity is high, consumers may be willing to process these communications more favourably (Keller, 2009). However, today companies have evolved from these stages of brand management and as per Goodyear’s model many organizations have evolved and reached the stage where brand is viewed as a policy (McEnally and De Chernatony, 1999). Brand communication has evolved from helping consumers organize their knowledge about products and services based on the mental structures enabling them to clarify their decision making. Brand communication must also be directed at employees as they are an important part of ‘performing the brand’. The Body Shop is one such company where its employees live the brand. Branding is the means to distinguish goods of one producer from another. Referring to a brand means the product or service has created certain amount of awareness, prominence and reputation in the market place (Keller, Parameswaran and Jacob, 2008, p1). Developing employees to participate in the brand and live the brand is known as internal branding. Consumers can form brand associations in a variety of ways – other than marketing activities. ... In other words, employees communicate the brand through their activities. Communication directed at employees has several dimensions. First, employees must know what they are expected to project. This implies that employees must receive messages that are consistent, frequent and in alignment with the organizational mission, vision and core values. Employees’ understanding and knowledge of the desired brand is necessary to facilitate brand communication. Employees must have the capacity to internalize the desired brand image and then reflect it to others. This suggests that the organization or the leader must first demonstrate the values. Anita Roddick’s concern for the environment manifests itself in the plan of The Body Shop (Argenti and Druckenmiller, 2004). The leader’s own personality can help shape the personality of their company’s brand. This is evident from the way that the leader created the brand image without engaging in conventional advertising . The Body Shop created a brand image without going in for conventional advertising (Keller, Parameswaran and Jacob, 2008, p57). It strongly associated with personal care and environmental concerns as it used only natural ingredients and never tested on animals. They communicated this message through advertising which helped build the brand image of an ethical company. Their environmental concerns are also communicated through packaging which is simple, refillable and recyclable. Staff at The Body Shop is always encouraged to be enthusiastic and informative about environmental issues. Their sourcing policy also communicated their brand image – they use local small producers from around the world. They engage in social action program which

The Impact Of Globalization Business Essay

The Impact Of Globalization Business Essay Globalization: An Insight In recent years, swiftly escalating global competition, a sharp focus on quality, and an ever increasing zest and quest for higher productivity, led to new circumstances for a large number of organizations which are operating on a Global platform. Globalization (economic or otherwise) has lead to a total makeover of every phase of business. The scope of these effects ranges from manufacturing, to product development, vendor support, integration, upto logistics and even best manufacturing practices. Thus, globalization is a mixed bag of opportunities and challenges. Today, doing business at the global platforms is no longer a luxury. It is a necessity if businesses want to survive in the long run. About the Organization The organization chosen for this response is coded as VR Shoes Inc., a leading name worldwide in sports gear shoes. To protect the identity of the organisation, I have assigned it this name. I shall use the case at hand to demonstrate how, in a real life organisation, globalization affected the operations, code of conduct, strategy, trade union behavior, organizations outlook and response to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and other aspects of business. The approximate time span, for which I have discussed the case, is from mid 1980s to the end of 1990s. The Dangers of Globalization: Leveraging the advantages of global out-sourcing opportunities so as to produce optimally-costing sports gear and shoes, alongwith sound investments into newer designs and marketing campaigns, VR Shoes drove to severe criticism for outsourcing products to nations where low wages, bad labor conditions, human rights violations were rampant. These were challenges, which VR Shoes had not envisaged as part of their Go Global campaign. (Locke, R.,2002). Initially, VR Shoes top and middle level managers refused to accept responsibility on account of the multitude of labor and environmental concerns raised globally by adversaries, human rights groups, and environmentalists. By early 1992, VR Shoes devised a Code of Conduct, which mandated that the suppliers observed basic labor and environmental norms as per the law of the resident country where plants and facilities were located. New and existing suppliers, both, were warranted to adhere to this code. This is directly attributable to the ef fects of global business mandates, which VR Shoes had to fall in line with. The Impact of Globalization: The impact of globalization in businesses has been discussed under the following nine heads: Globalization Challenges to Product Design Globalization Newer Training Regimes for Staff Globalization Increased Monitoring of Suppliers Supply Chains Relationships with Global Not for Profit Organizations Globalization Globalization Trade Unionism Globalization Meeting of Consumer Expectations Multi-National and Multi-Cultural Managements in Globalised Businesses Economies of Scale Globalization Globalization Challenges to Product Design In the 1990s, design was also thrown up by globalization as it took a quick seize of the Asia-Europe-America axis. Asian corporations from Japan and Taiwan acknowledged very early on the importance of design for their intensive marketing efforts. Consequently, VR Shoes Inc. opened contact offices in Asia Europe, which functioned as probes in their respective markets. Globalization Newer Training Regimes for Staff As part of the changes mandated by globalization efforts, VR Shoes created newer functional departments like those for catering to the specific needs of training for the employees. This was a grey area in the sense that VR Shoes had never considered a need for the training of its employees. Globalization efforts made the organisation to think on such lines. Some of the newer departments were finally clubbed under Corporate Responsibility and Compliance Department. As of now, VR Shoes has 100 employees specifically dedicated to ensure the compliance of labor and environmental norms. These are located in all countries where VR Shoes products are being manufactured. However, but for the impact of globalization, business in VR Shoes would not have evolved to cater to such an important aspect. Globalization Increased Monitoring of Suppliers Supply Chains Another effect which globalization of production activities resulted in for VR Shoes is its heightened monitoring of its suppliers who are located around the globe. This is necessitated by stiff global competition from rival players in this field. With suppliers located around the globe, and competition not allowing for any lapse in quality, whatsoever, organizations are fast realizing the need to keep quality tabs. Inspection is carried out by VR Shoes own production staffs who are deputed for this purpose from any facility in the world map.VR Shoes own labor specialists and third party consultants like PriceWaterhouseCoopers (PWC) are also engaged in such activities. This level of serious and committed concern for quality is the offshoot of global competition and newer business ethics and norms. Relationships with Global Not for Profit Organizations Globalization Over and above developing internal skills, capacity, and expertise in standards and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), working on its vendors suppliers, VR Shoes has been active in supporting many different global Non-for-Profit organizations, which are directed at improving standards for employees in various under developed developing nations. For instance, VR Shoes is involved in the United Nations Global Compact, a program that seeks to promote CSR amongst international business organizations (Locke, R., 2002). Such relationships would never have been possible in localized business environments, which we had witnessed for centuries prior to the present day Globalization wave. Globalization Trade Unionism Trade unions are broadening their agenda items so as to include emerging issues like as engaging with international business giants organizations. This has made competition the absolute regulatory principle at the world business platforms. (Bieler, A, 2008). At VR Shoes also, in the ever on-going search for lower labor costs competitive business strategies, production has increasingly been restructured and organized on a trans-national platform across borders. Consequent to this, there is an increasing pressure to de-regulate labor markets. (Cohen, E., 2006) Globalization Meeting of Consumer Expectations Usually, consumers across the globe are better informed, have higher incomes and hence have more exacting requirements. This phenomenon compels business houses to strive and meet better product and service standards. This also happened with VR Shoes who had to continuously improvise and excel to meet the ever increasing quality and service needs of its customers. Multi-National and Multi-Cultural Managements in Globalised Businesses Another challenge faced by businesses and their managers is a multi-national business environment. A multi-cultural employment policy is needed to tackle employees from various countries, ethnicities, languages, religion culture. Their responses to reward, recognitions, motivational mechanisms etc. are very varied. In the case of VR Shoes Inc., the Japanese managers were disappointed with their Thai subordinates who didnt respond well to Japanese methods of building up corporate loyalty and motivation. But, as soon as they converted production targets into a game, the Thais excelled over Japanese peers! Economies of scale Globalization One of the advantages of globalization has been the fact that selling into a global market allows room for huge economies of scale. VR Shoes did successfully leverage this to beat rivals who were not truly global in operations. Challenges posed by Globalization to Data Management Information Exchange Many recent advances in mankinds ability to store, manage, process share information in digital forms has lead to a total reshaping of economies and social infrastructures of many countries around the world. (Information Technology and Globalization, 2006). Information is the emerging currency of global businesses. Moreover, its security is a worrisome challenge to global operations. Globalization is flattening the world. The threat to information while being stored or exchanged is getting real by the day. Already, China is testing U.S., U.K, and other national cyber-defenses. Economic systems may be distributed globally, operating in a variety of environments. (Olzak, T., 2008). There are specific threats to critical business secrets and databases. In the global business scenario, rival organizations seek to pry on their competitors and peers. Data security and management is thus fast turning into a business threat. However, Information technologies are the backbone of globalizatio n. Meeting the Challenges posed by Globalization to Data Management Information Exchange IT giants in global businesses are warranted by law that they must maintain and demonstrate compliance with a host of security standards, and guidelines. In the United States, the Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (FISMA) is the backbone. This act requires each federal agency to develop, document, and implement cost-effective programs to achieve information security on their systems (Olson, C., 2007). Some of the main postulates of the act are as under: Implement Repeatable Processes Based on Best Practices Provide a Comprehensive and Consistent View of the IT Ecosystem Implement Effective Change Management Automate Processes Facilitate Compliance Testing Globalization: Its benefits to the end user of VR Shoes In the particular case we discussed above, for VR Shoes Inc., the organisaton gained on many fronts and so did the society at large, as we discussed above. Nevertheless, I strongly feel that the winner at the end of the day is the End-User of the products being produced by VR Shoes Inc. Not only does the user get world-class products at local and highly competitive prices, but is also assured of good quality and is sure that the company follows safe manufacturing processes and does not use harmful chemicals. The competition ensures that users of the products of VR Shoes Inc. get fabulous after sales service from the leader in sports gear and shoes. In the stray event of a bad product reaching the customer, the global image of the manufacturer compels it to offer hassle free replacement of refund, whichever the customer demands. Not all this would have been possible in a regulated and closed business environment. It is a fruit of globalization, which is finally served to the customer. REFERENCES Bieler, A. Impact of Globalization on Labor and Trade Unions. http://openesf.net/projects/labour-and-globalization/ Cohen, E. (2006). Effects of Globalization on firms. Paris: Siemens Business Service Information Technology and Globalization. (2006). www.globalenvision.org/library Locke, R. (2002). Note on corporate citizenship in a global economy. Cambridge, MA: Industrial Performance Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Olson, C. (2007). Meeting the Challenge of IT Security Compliance in the Federal Government: BMC Software. Olzak, T. (2008). The Information Security Risk of Globalization. http://it.toolbox.com/blogs/adventuresinsecurity/the-information-security-risk-of-globalization-24341

Black Women in Sports: Sexuality and Athleticism Essay -- Expository E

Black Women in Sports: Sexuality and Athleticism Men and women who chose to engage in sports from which they would traditionally be discouraged because of their gender, particularly as professionals, redefine the sport. The social and cultural "costs" are not the result of the individual's participation, but rather the way in which sports have been socially, politically, and economically constructed. Gender is only one of the few ways in which people are categorized according to their proficiency for some athletic activities. Race and class are also factors which may prevent individuals from engaging in sports that have been traditionally excluded to them. Socially constructed notions of race, class, and sexuality compound the way in which the history of sports has developed. For example, black women athletes may be more accepted in certain sports than in others, i.e. black women in the WNBA might seem as less an anomaly for black women than for white women, and yet the success of the Williams sisters in tennis may seem more out of the ordinary for many Americans than the success of their white counterparts. Race, class, sex, and sexuality are the operative notions in which certain sports are less "traditional" for certain groups. Black women have a long history with such sports and track and field. Tuskegee Institute (later Tuskegee State University) led the nation as powerhouses for the production of Olympic competitors from the fifties to the seventies. Despite the relative lack of funding received by these schools as compared to white schools in Jim Crow Alabama, their track and field programs flourished. Perhaps this is because track and field did not require expensive equipment to train and play. While white schools... ...more free to develop their game plans rather than their outfits before the match, but hopefully their sexuality will not be completely submerged by the game either. In an article entitled, "Absent Anna Has Sexy Impact," it was noted, "Serena Williams has no problems with Kournikova's beauty bringing a tennis boost even if the subject herself cannot take a title....The majority of the credit pretty much goes to the Williams sisters and Kournikova. Those three have really made the biggest difference in the amount of publicity, the amount of popularity in the sport." Hopefully, there will come a time in women's sports when all women will be recognized for their superior athleticism, and the unique sexuality of each individual female athlete will be appreciated for how it transforms, challenges, and redefines the social, political, and intellectual dimensions of sport.

Effects of Inflation Essay

Keeping Inflation under control is a primary concern for the Australian Government as it affects so many different parts of the Economy, including Economic growth, standard of living and unemployment. There are three types of inflation, depending on their causes. Firstly, demand pull inflation occurs when there is an excessive aggregate demand at or near full employment. If aggregate demand exceeds aggregate supply, prices of g’n’s rise as a rationing mechanism. This form of inflation is usually associated with periods of high economic activity. Secondly is cost-push inflation. If business costs such as the cost of wages or materials rise, businesses may aim to maintain profit levels by passing these costs onto consumers. This will result in higher prices and therefore inflation. The final type of inflation is imported inflation. Imported inflation occurs when the price of imports rises, and either adds to business costs (resulting in cost-push inflation) or feeds into the CPI as the price of final goods. Furthermore, a depreciation in the Au$ will raise import prices, also adding to imported inflation. There are a number of factors which may cause inflation in the Australian economy. A major cause of demand-pull inflation is excessive growth in aggregate demand. If aggregate demand increases from AD to AD1, aggregate supply which is the equivalent of real GDP will rise to GDP2 and the price level will rise from P to P2. This results in the inflationary gap of cd. This increase in aggregate demand may be the result of a number of factors, including increases in consumption expenditure, investment spending, net government expenditure, the money supply, or export incomes. Another major cause of inflation, this time cost-push inflation, is a decrease in aggregate supply. If aggregate supply decreases from AS to AS1, real GDP will decrease to GDP2 and the price level will rise to P1. This results in both a contraction in real GDP and a rise in inflation. The main causes of this decrease in aggregate supply is excessive wage growth not accompanied by productivity increase, a rise in the cost of raw materials, and other inputs, or a rise in government taxes or other charges that raise costs for firms. Cost-push inflation may also be the result of imported inflation it there is a rise in world prices of imported goods used in the production process (such as raw materials and intermediate goods) firms are likely to pass these costs onto consumers, resulting in inflation on the other hand if there is a rise in world prices of consumer goods, increased import prices will feed directly into the CPI, also resulting in inflation. Furthermore a depreciation in the Au$ in foreign exchange markets will result in a rise in the prices of imported raw materials, intermediate goods, and consumer goods, again contributing to Australia’s inflation. This is demonstrated in the stimulus when the RBA credits the decrease in inflation to the fading impact of 2000s exchange rate depreciation. A less common cause of inflation is the existence of monopolies or oligopolies. If a monopoly or oligopoly exists in an industry, the lack of competition allows producers to push up prices. This again results in inflation. The final cause of inflation in Australia is inflationary expectations. Inflationary expectations refer to the behaviour of individuals and businesses who seek to compensate for the current inflation, as well as expected future price rises. This may be the result of either firms pushing up prices, or wage earners seeking higher nominal wages. Also, if consumers expect future prices to rise, they rather buy g’n’s now, which leads to increases in spending. This results in demand-pull inflation. Inflation can impact the economy in 3 ways. 1)By encouraging investment in speculative and unproductive activities and discouraging investment in ventures considered productive. Inflation encourages investment in real assets such as gold and real estate because they are considered ‘good shelters’ for inflation. This is because the scarcity of them often outpaces or at least keeps pace with the rate of inflation. If inflation occurs, people will seek to own such assets, shifting resources to these speculative and unproductive assets. Similarly this discourages investment in other assets. This is because entrepreneurs will not think it is financially viable to invest and pursue a project that will only result in less profit, due to the higher costs of inflation. Similarly inflation increases the cost of production thus also discouraging entrepreneurs. For example, if inflation is high, people will invest in gold and real estate. Otherwise known as the opportunity cost, because people will allocate their resources into such ventures (gold and real estate) they must then forego investing into other ventures that are considered productive such as a new business, that may be producing capital goods or normal goods and services. Also by discouraging entrepreneurs is the rise in the costs of production that occur due to inflation, for example the raw materials. Similarly interest rates will rise, making it more expensive to borrow funds for investment purposes, making investment projects less profitable. Either way, inflation can cause a loss in production of capital goods, leading to lower living standards in the future, or a loss in the production of normal goods and services, leading to lowering current living conditions, as current needs and wants go unsatisfied. Since returns from productive capital take longer to materialise, it means that entrepreneurs are also faced with a lesser return. This means that if the rate of inflation is greater than the return offered by the investment, then the project will not be considered economically viable, nor worthwhile. Similarly the risk of loss from any investment project will grow with inflation. Many small businesses take a couple of years before they start to make a profit, so if inflation is high, and is was not taken into account when the business was first planned, then the cost of production may rise, and the resulting price for the commodity will be too high for consumers. ) If inflation is present and is greater than that overseas, it reduces the overseas competitiveness of the Australian economy. This is because inflation is not only associated with a rise in prices, but also an increase to the costs of production. Therefore making overseas exports cheaper to the domestic market. Similarly the overseas firms do not have to put up with the rises in the costs of production. This provides a leakage in the circular flow (p urchase of exports) and thus dampening demand in the domestic market, which if severe enough could lead to a recession, bringing with it many economic problems. An example of how inflation can lead to a recession, would be the 1970s, when high inflation averaged at 10. 4%. Which due to the high oil prices and strong domestic demand led to high inflation in the 1980s (8. 1%). This period of high inflation led to a dampening in spending and a recession in the 1990s (1990-1992) causing many problems such as unemployment. 3) It also creates many winners and losers in the economy. Those that benefit are the owners of real assets (real assets and gold), because their assets are worth more. As well as those belonging to well-organized groups who can demand wage increases (eg, strong trade unions. ) This can lead to rapidly rising wages, increasing the costs of production, and also discouraging investment in productive capital as mentioned above. In addition to this inflation can benefit people who have already borrowed funds because the cost of repayment, represent less as inflation rises. This is because inflation is defined by a loss in the real value of money, therefore the repayment will diminish over time. Conversely inflation disadvantages those on fixed incomes because they lose the real value of income as their money represents less purchasing power. Similarly for the same reasons it disadvantages those that keep their money in liquid form (ie, bank deposits). Also those that lend money receive less back in terms of repayment, due to the loss in value (eg, A mortgage repayment in 1960 was worth more than in 1980, where high inflation had occurred). Also since it reduces international competitiveness, inflation can disadvantage exporters who find themselves with less business opportunities. This can effect the economy, as overseas markets will not purchase Australian goods and services. Therefore the economy will not receive the injection into the circular flow that it would usually, without inflation. Without the strong domestic support that is present in Australia’s economy, the economy could have the effect of dampening economic activity, and aggregate demand. When inflation occurs in the Australian economy it usually had a number of causes. The main causes are excess aggregate demand, cost-push inflation, inflationary expectations and imported inflation. inflation disadvantages many groups in the economy, who in turn benefit other groups. This is because inflation can influence the allocation of resources in regards to encouraging and discouraging investment, the overseas competitiveness of the Australian market, as well as effecting individuals and firms, who often benefit at the expense of others.

Butler Lumber - 1410 Words

Statement of firm’s position Butler Lumber Company is looking for more cash due to a fast-paced lumber market and a shortage of funding. Their regular bank, Suburban National Bank, is not willing to expand their exiting loan to an amount greater than $250,000 without securing the loan with real property. Another loan is being offered by a second bank, Northrup National Bank, for $465,000, with the understanding that the previous loan would be rolled into the second. The interest on the new loan would be prime + 2%. The co-founder, Mark Butler, owes a major note to the other original partner, who Mark bought out. He has a mortgage on his 12-year-old house and no other significant investments. Mark’s personal references indicate that†¦show more content†¦Finally, based on financial projections, Butler would have an additional $33,000 available to begin paying down this debt by the end of 1991. As the Banker, would you approve his loan, and under what conditio ns? Yes, we feel that the cash shortage is a short term problem and that the underlying business is sound and his references and credit history are favorable. However, there are several areas of concern that should be monitored as a condition of the loan. First, the Days Sales A/R ratio is trending in the wrong direction, and more effort needs to be spent on collecting receivables in a timely manner. Additionally, the Inventory Turnover is decreasing, tying up too much cash, and exacerbating the shortage of working capital. More effort needs to be spent on inventory management, making sure there is not a growing amount of stagnant inventory, and that the mix is correct for the intended market. In addition to the conditions stipulated in the text, the bank should put require that these two ratios (Days Sales A/R and Inventory Turnover) return to their 1988 levels, and that Mark Butler’s compensation be tied to these objectives. Exhibit 1 is the Projected Income Statement for Butler Lumber Co. Beginning inventory was pulled from the previous year’s ending inventory. Purchases were projected from a trend of 75.5% of sales for the previous 3 years. The total cost of goods sold assumed the previous 3-year average of 72% of sales would continue.Show MoreRelatedButler Lumber1443 Words   |  6 PagesButler Lumber Case Study I. Statement of Financial Problem Butler Lumber Company, a growing profitable business has exhausted its credit limit and the key issues facing it are: 1. Need for additional funds to continue the growth 2. Need to consolidate debt 3. Need to improve cash flexibility. In this case study I  will be discussing following problem: Why has Butler Lumber been profitable in the increasing volume of sales but at the same time it is experiencing cash difficultiesRead MoreButler Lumber1910 Words   |  8 PagesButler Lumber After thorough review and analysis of Butler Lumber’s financial reports, I believe that it is in the best interest of Northrup National Bank to not only approve the requested $465,000 loan, but look to increase the loan amount. A review of the 5 C’s will show in more detail the decision to approve this loan: 1. Capacity/Cash Flow: Butler runs a lean operation that has allowed them to have success due to competitive pricing. They have met their financing needs by increasingRead MoreButler Lumber Case1404 Words   |  6 PagesButler Lumber Company Case â€Æ' Butler Lumber Company Case Summary of facts: In 1981 by Mark Butler and his brother-in-law Henry Stark founded the Butler Lumber Company. In 1988 Mr. Butler bought Mr. Stark’s share for $105,000 to be paid of in 1989 out of which $70,000 was raised by a loan carrying an interest rate of 11% and repayable at the rate of $7,000 over the next 10 years. Over the past five years, Butler Lumber Company has experienced rapid growth in its business. It derives its businessRead MoreButler Lumber Company1414 Words   |  6 PagesBUTLER LUMBER COMPANY éâ€"Å"æâ€" ¼Butler Lumber Company(ä » ¥Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã§ ° ¡Ã§ ¨ ±BLC)的借è ² ¸Ã¦ ¡Ë†Ã¯ ¼Å'我們é  ¸Ã¦â€œâ€¡Ã§ «â„¢Ã¥Å" ¨Northrop National Bank(ä » ¥Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã§ ° ¡Ã§ ¨ ±NNB)çš„è §â€™Ã¥ º ¦Ã¤ ¾â€ Ã§Å"‹æ˜ ¯Ã¥  ¦Ã¨ © ²Ã¦  Ã¤ ¾â€ºÃ¥â‚¬Å¸Ã¨ ² ¸Ã¯ ¼Å'å… ±Ã¨â‚¬Æ'æ… ®Ã¤ ¸â€°Ã¥â‚¬â€¹Ã©Æ' ¨Ã¤ » ½Ã¯ ¼Å¡1)BLCçš„å ¾ µÃ¤ ¿ ¡Ã§ ¨â€¹Ã¥ º ¦Ã¯ ¼Å'2)BLCçš„è ² ¡Ã¥â€¹â„¢Ã¥   ±Ã¨ ¡ ¨Ã§â€¹â‚¬Ã¦ ³ Ã¯ ¼Å'3)BLCçš„æ“”ä ¿ Ã¥â€œ Ã¥â€œ Ã¨ ³ ªÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ » ¥Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã¥ °â€¡Ã©â€¡ Ã¥ ° Ã©â‚¬â„¢Ã¤ ¸â€°Ã¦â€" ¹Ã©  ¢Ã¤ ¾â€ Ã¦Å½ ¢Ã¨ ¨Å½Ã¯ ¼Å¡ ä ¸â‚¬Ã£â‚¬ BLCçš„å ¾ µÃ¤ ¿ ¡Ã§ ¨â€¹Ã¥ º ¦ Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¨ ©â€¢Ã¤ ¼ °Ã¥â‚¬Å¸Ã¨ ² ¸Ã¦ ¡Ë†Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¯ ¼Å'NNBÃ¥ â€˜Ã¥ ¹ ¾Ã¥ ® ¶BLCçš„å ¾â‚¬Ã¤ ¾â€ Ã¥ »  Ã¥â€¢â€ Ã§â„¢ ¼Ã¥â€¡ ½Ã¨ ª ¿Ã¦Å¸ ¥Ã¯ ¼Å'ä » ¥Ã¤ ½Å"Ã¥ ¾ µÃ¤ ¿ ¡Ã¤ ¹â€¹Ã§â€ ¨Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥â€ºÅ¾Ã¥â€¡ ½Ã¥ »  Ã¥â€¢â€ Ã§Å¡â€ Ã¥ ° Ã§ ¶â€œÃ§â€¡Å¸Ã¨â‚¬â€¦Ã¦Å"‰ä ¿ ¡Ã¥ ¿Æ'ï ¼Å'ä » ¥Ã¥ Å Ã¥ ° BLCæÅ" ¬Ã¨ º «Ã§Å¡â€žÃ§â€¡Å¸Ã© â€¹Ã¦Æ'…æ ³ Ã¦Å"‰è‘â€"æ ­ £Ã©  ¢Ã§Å¡â€žÃ§Å"‹æ ³â€¢Ã£â‚¬â€š æŽ ¥Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã¤ ¾â€ NNBéÅ"ۏ ¦ Ã¨ ©â€¢Ã¤ ¼ °BLCçš„è ² ¡Ã¥â€¹â„¢Ã¥   ±Ã¨ ¡ ¨Ã¯ ¼Å'ä » ¥Ã¤ ºâ€ Ã¨ § £Ã¥ ¯ ¦Ã©Å¡â€ºÃ§Å¡â€žÃ§â€¡Å¸Ã© â€¹Ã¦Æ'…æ ³ Ã£â‚¬â€š ä ºÅ'〠BLCçš„è ² ¡Ã¥â€¹â„¢Ã¥   ±Ã¨ ¡ ¨Ã§â€¹â‚¬Ã¦ ³  BLC 1988 1989 1990 è ²  Ã¥â€š µÃ¦ ¯â€Ã§Å½â€¡ 54.55% 58.70% 62.70% æ µ Ã¥â€¹â€¢Ã¦ ¯â€Ã§Å½â€¡ 180.00% 158.93% 145.05% 速動æ ¯â€Ã§Å½â€¡ 88.08% 72.00% 66.92% ç  ¾Ã©â€¡â€˜Ã¥ ° Ã¦ µ Ã¥â€¹â€¢Ã¨ ²  Ã¥â€š µÃ¦ ¯â€Ã§Å½â€¡ 22.31% 12.80% 7.66% Ã¥ ­ËœÃ¨ ² ¨Ã©â‚¬ ±Ã¨ ½â€°Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦â€¢ ¸ 71.755 69.631 應æ” ¶Ã¥ ¸ ³Ã¦ ¬ ¾Ã©â‚¬ ±Ã¨ ½â€°Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦â€¢ ¸Read MoreButler Lumber Case952 Words   |  4 PagesBUTLER LUMBER CASE REPORT The Butler Lumber company is facing cash difficulties due to the buyout of Henry Stark’s share and because it is operating a high growth rate. Thus, it is imperative to analyze the various options available to Mark Butler in order to meet the cash needs of the Butler Lumber Company. In order to support the reasoning for our recommendation, we constructed a ratio analysis (Appendix I; Exhibit 1). Even though the firm has realized increasing sales and decreased its operatingRead MoreCase Study Butler Lumber3374 Words   |  14 PagesCase Study: Capital Budgeting Butler Lumber Company Abstract Butler Lumber Company, a lumber retailer with a rapid growth rate, is faced with the problem of cash flow shortage. In order to support this profitable business, BLC needs a great amount of cash. The loan of $250,000 from Suburban National and a line of credit of up to $465,000 from Northrop National Bank are the two choices provided. After a brief review of the operation and financial conditions of BLC, we first make analysis ofRead MoreButler Lumber Company Essay1280 Words   |  6 PagesButler Lumber Company Background: Butler Lumber Company was founded in 1981, in a large city in the Pacific Northwest. Typical products of the company included plywood, moldings, and sash and door products. After a rapid growth in its business during recent years, the company in the spring of 1991 anticipated a further substantial increase in sales. Despite good profits the company experienced a shortage in cash and found it necessary to increase its bank borrowings. Issues: †¢ Butler LumberRead MoreButler Lumber Company Case Study1644 Words   |  7 PagesButler Lumber Company Case Study Hoffmeister M-W 4:30 – 5:45 Group #3 Sam Rosenbaum Joel Valenti Meg Lee Stephanie Grob Butler Lumber Company Summary of Facts. Butler Lumber Company is a Pacific Northwest based lumber distributor that sells plywood, moldings, and sash and door products.   The sole owner of Butler Lumber is Mark Butler, accompanied by one administrative assistant and ten employees who focus on repairs and labor intensive work.   Because of Butler Lumber’s competitive pricingRead MoreButler Lumber Case Analysis1807 Words   |  8 PagesButler Lumber Case Analysis Question 1 Butler Lumber, a retailer of lumber products in the Pacific Northwest area, experienced a time of growth in the spring of 1991 (Harvard College, 2002, p.1). The company looked to take out a loan to grow business operations. The maximum loan offer from Suburban National Bank was $250,000 (Harvard College, 2002, p.1). This loan also required a pledge of property from company owner, Mr. Butler, to secure it. However, Northrop Bank would offer a loanRead MoreEssay about Butler Lumber Company1994 Words   |  8 Pages Group: Lucas Ghiglione - 260460555 Noah Lackstein - 260524490 Kayley Lankinen - 260534412 Elliot Leimer - 260447577 Noah Seltzer - 260532481 Subject: Butler Lumber Company Problem: The Butler Lumber Company does not have adequate cash on hand to manage their operations, and has become reliant on trade credit and sometimes late payment of accounts payable to manage their cashflow. With sales projected to increase by 25% to 35%, the company must decide whether to accept a larger line